The process of production

Introduction A strong relationship exists between labour and the process of production. Man has always provided the necessary manpower that is required to transform raw materials into finished products. This manpower can either be in the form of skilled or unskilled labour. However, to ensure that the process of production is effective and efficient, a lot of considerations have to be put in place.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The process of production specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The production of goods and services has experienced a lot of changes over time. Before the 18th century, the process of production purely relied of craft workmanship. This was highly seen on cottage industries during the industrial revolution. However, with the increase in demand for goods, some developments were to be seen in the production industry. These came in through the introduction of scientific management in the process of production by Taylor (Boradkar 103). He introduced the concept of division of labour and cooperation among employees. This was a key move that led to the development of the assembly line of goods. Fordism led to further development of this concept and hence the mass production of goods came by. However, after the Second World War, production companies begun to lay a lot of emphasis on customization of goods to meet the specific needs of individual customers. This is operational up to the present date. This paper will therefore summarise the various phases of the evolution of the production process and highlight on key issues that play a critical role in this development. The evolution of production The hit of the industrial revolution in Europe and America in the 18th century led to a lot of changes and advancement in the production industry. Goods could now be manufactured at a faster rate, with high precision and meet the rising demand of the population. During the early days of the revolution, a lot of emphasis was laid on the physical strength that man put in the production process. As a result, the volumes of production were low and industries were owned by individual. The car manufacturing industry begun late in the 19th century. By 1920s, the demand for automobiles had increased. At this time, manufactures modified their production to meet the needs and demands of their customers. This included improved weather and safety protection, effectiveness and efficiency, better models and affordable prices (Boradkar 109). To achieve all these, standardised mass production had to put adapted. This replaced the American System of production. Prior to this, the manufacture of vehicles was not standardised. Few individuals with specific skills were involved in the production process. These individuals were highly paid and could not be affected by capital forces. As a result, the units produced were low, the demand of vehicles was low and cars were sold at high prices.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In 1911, Frederick Taylor introduced the scientific management that emphasised on division of labour and employee cooperation. This concept ensured a faster rate of employee recruitment, increased production and reduction in the cost of production. Fordism, later on expounded on this idea and introduced the concept of mass production. This concept emphasised on the increased use of machinery in the production process. This reduced the amount of manpower required and increased the rate of production and its efficiency. As a result, more vehicles were released into the market at a cheaper price. At this point, capitalism played a critical role in the automobile industry, a factor that is existent up to the present day. Conclusion A lot of developments have occurred in the process of production. This includes the introduction of scientific management and incorporation of technology in the process of production. As a result, high quality goods are now produced at a faster rate thus being able to meet the demand and needs of customers. Work Cited Boradkar, Prasad. Producing Things: A History of System Manufacture. Designing  Things. Sydney: Berg, 2010 This essay on The process of production was written and submitted by user Jaeden C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Zechariah Essays - Biblical People In Islam, Sheep, Free Essays

Zechariah Essays - Biblical People In Islam, Sheep, Free Essays Zechariah Zechariah is one of the Minor Prophets of the Old Testament. His book is located between the books of Haggai and Malachi. Zechariah is thought to have preached from about 520-518 B.C. The book of Zechariah deals with the restoration of Jerusalem, the Temple, and Gods people. Chapter 11 verses 4-17, which is a story of two shepherds, is one of the most difficult passages in the Old Testament to understand. From the New Living Translation, the passage reads as follows: 4 This is what the LORD my God says: Go and care for a flock that is intended for slaughter. 5 The buyers will slaughter their sheep without remorse. The sellers will say, 'Praise the LORD, I am now rich!' Even the shepherds have no compassion for them. 6 And likewise, I will no longer have pity on the inhabitants of the land, says the LORD. I will let them fall into each other's clutches, as well as into the clutches of their king. They will turn the land into a wilderness, and I will not protect them. 7 So I cared for the flock intended for slaughter the flock that was oppressed. Then I took two shepherd's staffs and named one Favor and the other Union. 8 I got rid of their three evil shepherds in a single month. But I became impatient with these sheep this nation and they hated me, too. 9 So I told them, I won't be your shepherd any longer. If you die, you die. If you are killed, you are killed. And those who remain will devour each other! 10 Then I took my staff called Favor and snapped it in two, showing that I had revoked the covenant I had made with all the nations. 11 That was the end of my covenant with them. Those who bought and sold sheep were watching me, and they knew that the LORD was speaking to them through my actions. 12 And I said to them, If you like, give me my wages, whatever I am worth; but only if you want to. So they counted out for my wages thirty pieces of silver. 13 And the LORD said to me, Throw it to the potters this magnificent sum at which they valued me! So I took the thirty coins and threw them to the potters in the Temple of the LORD. 14 Then I broke my other staff, Union, to show that the bond of unity between Judah and Israel was broken. 15 Then the LORD said to me, Go again and play the part of a worthless shepherd. 16 This will illustrate how I will give this nation a shepherd who will not care for the sheep that are threatened by death, nor look after the young, nor heal the injured, nor feed the healthy. Instead, this shepherd will eat the meat of the fattest sheep and tear off their hooves. 17 Doom is certain for this worthless shepherd who abandons the flock! The sword will cut his arm and pierce his right eye! His arm will become useless, and his right eye completely blind! The commentary Obadiah through Malachi begins by commenting on the ambiguous nature of the passage. This vague language makes it very difficult to interpret; thus the details remain elusive. The author feels that this passage goes in accordance with the earlier situation described in Zechariah 10:3. In both passages it is made clear that the leaders (shepherds) of Israel have made the Lord angry. Zechariah is describing the social disorder and the peoples dishonesty toward each other that has overwhelmed the community before it will be restored by God. This commentary is certain that the doomed flock is in fact Israel, but is unsure whom the sheep merchants represent. Their guess is that they may be the workers in the temple who have hired Zechariah. The shepherd is understood as symbolizing a ruling, most likely a prophetic one. Zechariah is telling his audience that Israel is in total disarray and the leaders arent doing anything to help, in fact some are making the situation worse. God is permitting the corruption by sitting on His hands. While doing so, he stresses

Compare contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Compare contrast - Essay Example The story entails issues that we have been struggling to achieve in life, where everyone is equal, and people are intelligent and so the author felt it would be creative to put it in a real picture of just how things might be if we were all equal and intelligent. Through the film, the reality of how people are ruled, by the mighty in the society, comes out clearly than in the story. The people are forced to wear handicap gadgets that control their thoughts, and their reaction to circumstances (Vonnegut). Harrison Bergeon is a story that talks about a man called Harrison Bergeon who lived in the future. In this future everyone was equal in every way. Even, though, people were equal, despite this, some things were still not right. For example, people were handicapped. George was over intelligent as the narrator says, â€Å"†¦his intelligence was way above normal. His wife, on the other hand, was of average intelligence and could not remember things for lone. The narrator says, â€Å"†¦she could not think about anything except in short bursts.† Their son was taken away from them when he was 14, and the government claimed that he planned to overthrow the government. This was by a reporter who said, â€Å"†¦where he was held on suspicion of plotting to overthrow the government. Harrison Managed to escape from prison, â€Å"Harrison Bergeon†¦has just escaped from the prison† this was announcement made by the announcer (Vonnegut). From the story, it appears that people are not free to do what they want. For example, they are forced to wear the handicap gadgets that the government uses to control their thoughts. The narrator says, â€Å"†¦and told them that they had ten seconds to wear their handicaps.† The people had no freedom of choice. At the end, we see Harrison trying to gain their freedom by breaking into the studio and ordering people to do as he says. He says, ‘I am the emperor †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.everyone must do what I say at once†. At

William Wordsworth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

William Wordsworth - Essay Example The characterization of Tim O’Brien in the book, although fictitious, is important in generating a sense of relationship between the story and the reader in ways that explains a very profound side of war pertaining to truth. Through his various stories, O’Brien reflects on different perspectives of war and its associated notions of courage and bravery. In a story he tells, O’Brien feels like a coward because he supported or conformed to a stand he did not stood for. He attempted to try to escape the war by running away to Canada but inevitably decides to give in to social pressures of giving his service for the draft. A prominent emphasis is on the aspect of truth related to war. Occurrance does not entail truth and thus, everything that happens does not necessarily mean it is true. With this concept, O’Brien tries to stress on the fact that truth is independent of happenings but depends on feelings. As such, truth is far beyond the usual accepted truths that are created through social or cultural discourse. This also implies that something cannot be deemed untruthful is its existence is fictitious but rather such â€Å"story-truths† are central to capturing truth as they engender emotions. O’Brien used various stories to demonstrate how the truth of any story lies not in its accuracy of evidence but in its emotional connection with a receiver: listener or reader. Some stories that are narrated in the course of the book also include some that do not necessarily seem to be truthful in their conventional ways but they are true in the sense that they appeal to their audiences in ways that establish a connection. Tim O’Brien has intelligently employed his characterization in various different stories throughout the book so as to build an interest and a sense of reality of experiences. With his book, O’Brien has tried to create an

The effects of war on a soldier Essay Example for Free

The effects of war on a soldier Essay War will never be pretty or fun. It will always be gruesome and will cause the loss of many lives. Everyone grieves over those lives that were lost, but what about the people that live? What about the people that are in the military hospitals who are now amputees? How about the ones that have psychological problems? What about those who have physical and mental issues? People are often not informed of this. One type of a mental disease is known as PTSD, there is a cause, effects, and treatment to this often carried war disease. Through out history, war has been defined as a state of open, armed, often-prolonged conflict. We have fought in these many wars over such things as oil or different beliefs. A good example would be the World War 1. Most wars the men where young, ranging from ages of eighteen to twenty-six. These are the men that got these two terrible disorders. These are where the most terrible psychological issue occurred, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The two terrific disorders PTSD and Shell Shock, may have some similar symptoms, but have completely different effects and long-term issues. PTSD results from exposure to an overwhelmingly stressful event or series of events, such as war, rape, or abuse. It is a normal response by normal people to an abnormal situation. The traumatic events that lead to PTSD are typically so extraordinary or severe that they would distress almost anyone. These events are usually sudden. A good example of how a person would get this disorder from war would be seeing your friend being killed, being in the trenches too long, and possibly the constant artillery bombings. This entire trauma that they experience will have a dramatic effect. The amygdale, a structure in the brain, is part of the limbic system that is involved in the expression of emotion, especially fear, increased heart rate and blood pressure, the startle response, and emotional memory. It is said that with long-term exposure to these traumatic experiences your brain functions are changed or altered. The area of the brain that releases chemicals to cope with stress releases chemicals like opiates. Since the subject is repeatedly exposed to this trauma, this part of the brain goes  into overdrive and keeps producing these chemicals even when it may not need them. These chemicals are suspected of causing some of the symptoms of PTSD. Dissociative states, flashbacks, intrusive emotions and memories, nightmares and night terrors avoiding emotions, relationships, responsibility for others, and avoiding situations that are reminiscent of the traumatic event often occur. Exaggerated startle reaction , explosive outbursts, Irritability, panic symptoms, and sleep disturbance also occur. These are all the symptoms of PTSD. As you can see, there are vast amount of signals or signs that people exhibit who have PTSD. Men who have PSTD caused by war, have showed more of the hyper arousal and intrusive symptoms. The reason is that you read all the time about how war veterans have flash back and how they are startled very easily. There are many types of treatments along with drugs they can take to help cope with this disorder, one being psychotherapy. Psychotherapy is used to help the victim confront these painful memories to which the memories will no longer affect the way they live. There are certain steps within this process where the therapist walks the victim through the trauma and help he/she understand the feelings. Another type of treatment is EMDR, is eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Supposedly, stimulating rapid eye movement helps the victim cope and process the traumatic event. This is usually added into psychotherapy, it is rarely used alone. Along with these two treatments a lot of pharmaceutical agents are used to help the victim cope. For example, antidepressants, mood stabilizers, and anti-anxiety agents can be used. Overall, PTSD is somewhat treatable but most likely the victims are going to lapse into another psychological disorder.

A Contributing Member of Society :: Law College Admissions Essays

A Contributing Member of Society "My immediate goal is to gain admission to the College of Law. I know that I will be able to receive a top-notch education that will allow me to fulfill my potential as a contributing member of society. As a young boy, I dreamed of becoming a police officer or a fireman. Of course, many young boys my age harbored similar aspirations. However, I was not attracted to these professions for their obvious action and bravado. What made the people who performed these jobs special to me is that they stood up for others. They protected others when they could not help themselves. For me, they represented justice. In retrospect, I know these early admirations laid the foundation for my future interest in law. Another strong influence in my life has been the work of my father. As a business agent for the Teamster's Union and later as the president of the Transit Worker's Union Local 100, he was always mired in important labor negotiations. My father advocated and garnered better wages, benefits, and working conditions for his fellow public employees. It became clear to me that my father was performing a necessary, if not noble service in helping hard-working people attain a better livelihood. What was hard for me to understand, though, was that he had to fight for this. I asked him why the union was often at odds with the city. He explained that the city government had competing responsibilities to its workers, taxpayers, and the bottom line. In other words, they had to make the transit system run efficiently. The point he was trying to make is that there are two sides to every conflict and usually neither side is totally right or entirely wrong. This is a belief that I hold in the highest regard today. It can be applied to everything from labor relations, to a murder trial, and even to situations as relatively trivial as bickering neighbors. By the time I had reached high school I was fascinated with the social sciences. I relished my classes in civics, government, and history. During the course of my studies in high school I became more interested in the law and consequently the practice of it. This interest must have been sparked by my passion for helping people, my father's work, and societal improvement.

O.M. Scott & Sons Company

DE LA SALLE PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS CASE ANALYSIS â€Å"O. M. SCOTT & SONS COMPANY† SUBMITTED BY: ESTIMADA, ANNA GABRIELLA C. Executive Summary The O. M. Scott and Sons company was a company which first started to produce weed-free grass, but diversified into other products related to its product line: lawn mowers, fertilizers, and other garden paraphernalia. It encountered the problem of nationwide distribution, finding difficulty in the delivery of its product.The company solve this problem of nationwide distribution by first, increasing its work force to keep up with the voluminous orders. Second, by setting up dealerships which will distribute their products and lastly, establishing a trust receipt payment system in order to assure the quick returns of investments. Problem The company encountered difficulty in the distribution of its products for two reasons: the nature of its agriculturally based products necessitated the quick distribution of pro ducts upon order.The voluminous orders and distances of nationwide coverage rendered the distribution difficult. Corporate Objective In keeping up with the modernization of agricultural products and technology, the company expanded its product line by diversifying into related products and services. From grass, O. M. Scott & Sons started the production of fertilizers, lawn mowers and other products. This diversification assured the company against stagnation. Areas of Consideration Shareholders & Key Officers Sales Force The company’s success can be attributed to the efforts of the sales force since they are the ones who are improving the salesmanship of the dealers in order to be available to their prospective customers. * Dealers The dealer is one of the key players in the company’s sales since the products are made available through them. With the dealership, the company can save money from overhead expenses and other general and administrative expenses from operati ons. * ScottThe owner of the company is considered as one of the key players in the company since he had found ways to cope with the market trend. Market Profile * Product Initially, the company is only selling the country’s first clean, weed-free grass seed in 1868. Scott’s business began to grow rapidly in the local market in Central Ohio. In 1990’s, the company have expanded it’s product range from grass seeds to new chemical weed and garden pest controls and special-purpose lawn fetilizers. * Price * Place & DistributionWhen the company first started, the weed-free grass seed was available upon order over the phone and after some time, the seeds will be delivered to you house. However, as the business expanded, Scott realized that neither him nor his competitors were able to tap the potential market of lawn care. In the company’s case, this was attributed to the distribution system since the customer’s could not buy the products easily. To address this issue, the company opened its products to dealerships wherein the sales force is tasked to train dealers how to do a better selling job with the company’s products. Promotion and Advertising When the business became successful during its initial operations, the company began to advertise extensively, In 1927, the company added a free magazine called Lawn Care, which was widely distributed. Financial Profile * Profitability * The company’s profitability for the next 5 years, as computed in the projected plan, will greatly increase as computed for the gross profit rate and contribution margin rate. There is a yearly increase of 1% for both rates which is a good sign for the company. * Turnovers The turnover rate for the first projected year will not be good since it will take longer for the inventory to be converted to cash. However the succeeding projected years is seen to be improving in terms of the turnover rate. * Capacity Utilization * For the proje cted years, the rate of capacity utilization will improve as it was projected that the rate will increase by 2% yearly. * Financial Leverage * The liquidity of the company will neither improve nor worsen as projected in the plan. There was only a little difference in the yearly computed projected rates.